1. A direct democracy was when the people voted on issues directly instead of voting through representatives. Classical art represented a prosperous time in Greek history, in which art was very important. A tragedy was a type of play that explored topics such as love, hate, war, and betrayal. A comedy was filled with slapstick situations and crude humor. The Peloponnesian War was when Sparta and Athens had a war of attrition, which ended in a truce. A philosopher was known as a lover of wisdom. Socrates encouraged Greeks to examine their moral character. Plato wrote the Republic and it was about his vision of a perfectly governed society. Aristotle questioned the nature of the world, human belief, thought, and knowledge.
3. Pericles increased the number of government positions that came with a salary. He also made the Delian League, and with this he used the treasury funds to build a stronger navy and fund more art projects.
4. Athens planned to wait for Sparta to wear out while supplying themselves from their colonies. Sparta used its strong army to destroy the Athenian countryside and starve the main city of Athens.
5. I think the Athenians were afraid to look deeper into their own lives and morals, which is exactly what Socrates wanted them to do.
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